English
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.29173/cjen248Mots-clés :
emergency department, substance use, toxic drug crisis, peer support workers, quality improvement, lived experienceRésumé
Résumé
Introduction : Les systèmes de soins de santé du
Canada affrontent un nombre élevé de patients qui utilisent
des drogues (PUD), qui ont un diagnostic de trouble
lié à l’utilisation de substances ou qui sont victimes
d’un empoisonnement aux drogues illégales, ce qui rend
nécessaire l’adoption d’approches novatrices en matière
de soins. En raison du nombre élevé d’intoxications aux
drogues, le personnel des services d’urgence est de plus
en plus confronté à l’épuisement professionnel et à la
détresse morale (Van Hout et O’Reilly, 2020). Un projet
pilote d’amélioration de la qualité a été mené pour incorporer
des personnes ayant une expérience de la consommation
de drogues illégales (c’est-à-dire des pairs)
dans les équipes des services d’urgence afin d’améliorer
les résultats pour les patients et de renforcer le soutien
du personnel, pour répondre à l’impact significatif de la
crise des drogues illégales toxiques sur les systèmes de
soins de santé.
Méthodes : Le projet s’est appuyé sur un cadre
d’amélioration de la qualité Planifier-Exécuter-Étudier-
Agir (PEÉA) et sur une évaluation à méthodes mixtes
axée sur l’utilisation pour évaluer l’impact de l’intégration
des pairs dans le service des urgences. Un modèle
de méthodes mixtes a été adopté pour recueillir des
données à partir de formulaires d’admission, d’enquêtes
sur l’expérience des patients et du personnel, et d’un
groupe de discussion semi-structuré composé de membres
du personnel de soutien par les pairs.
Résultats : Les principaux motifs de rencontre avec
les pairs (n = 764) étaient le soutien émotionnel, la
réduction des méfaits, un aiguillage, la consommation
en présence d’un témoin et la demande de produits
de nécessité de base. Selon les résultats de l’enquête
auprès des patients (n = 51), les pairs ont aidé la majorité
des patients à se sentir en sécurité et plus soutenus
lorsqu’ils accédaient à des soins d’urgence. Les membres
du personnel des urgences (n = 22) se sont montrés
positifs dans l’enquête sur le nouveau programme de
pairs, soulignant l’amélioration du soutien aux patients,
l’accès accru aux services de réduction des méfaits et
les progrès d’un système de soins de santé plus fiable.
Lors des groupes de discussion, les pairs (n = 2) ont
signalé l’importance d’intégrer ce rôle dans les services
d’urgence afin de s’assurer que les patients reçoivent
les soins dont ils ont besoin dans un environnement
à niveau de stress élevé qui, au fil du temps, a eu le potentiel de causer des dommages importants en raison
de la stigmatisation et des préjugés à l’égard des PUD.
Conclusion : L’intégration d’intervenants en services de
soutien aux pairs dans le service des urgences pendant
la crise des drogues illégales toxiques a amélioré
le soutien apporté aux patients et au personnel. Cette
stratégie pourrait également améliorer le moral du
personnel, réduire le stress de la charge de travail,
diminuer les préjugés à l’égard des PUD et améliorer les
soins prodigués aux patients. Le but est d’optimiser les
ressources et de renforcer l’expérience vécue par les
patients et les soignants en intégrant des pairs.
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© Janelle Tarnow, Rita Metwally, Aven Sidhu, Jade Black, Tracy Stoneson, Mary Van Osch, Kassaundra Benoit, Kim Wood 2025

Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.
The Canadian Journal of Emergency Nursing is published Open Access under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 license. Authors retain full copyright.